Network Working Group J. Case
Request for Comments: 1444 SNMP Research, Inc.
K. McCloghrie
Hughes LAN Systems
M. Rose
Dover Beach Consulting, Inc.
S. Waldbusser
Carnegie Mellon University
April 1993
Status of this Memo
This RFC specifes an IAB standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "IAB Official Protocol Standards" for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
Table of Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 A Note on Terminology
2 Definitions
3.1 The OBJECT-GROUP macro
3.2 The MODULE-COMPLIANCE macro
3.3 The AGENT-CAPABILITIES macro
3 Mapping of the OBJECT-GROUP macro
3.1 Mapping of the OBJECTS clause
3.2 Mapping of the STATUS clause
3.3 Mapping of the DESCRIPTION clause
3.4 Mapping of the REFERENCE clause
3.5 Mapping of the OBJECT-GROUP value
3.6 Usage Example
4 Mapping of the MODULE-COMPLIANCE macro
4.1 Mapping of the STATUS clause
4.2 Mapping of the DESCRIPTION clause
4.3 Mapping of the REFERENCE clause
4.4 Mapping of the MODULE clause
4.4.1 Mapping of the MANDATORY-GROUPS clause
4.4.2 Mapping of the GROUP clause
4.4.3 Mapping of the OBJECT clause
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page i]
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 1]
A network management system contains: several (potentially many) nodes, each with a processing entity, termed an agent, which has access to management instrumentation; at least one management station; and, a management protocol, used to convey management information between the agents and management stations. Operations of the protocol are carried out under an administrative framework which defines both authentication and authorization policies.
Network management stations execute management applications which monitor and control network elements. Network elements are devices such as hosts, routers, terminal servers, etc., which are monitored and controlled through access to their management information.
Management information is viewed as a collection of managed objects, residing in a virtual information store, termed the Management Information Base (MIB). Collections of related objects are defined in MIB modules. These modules are written using a subset of OSI's Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) [1], termed the Structure of Management Information (SMI) [2].
It may be useful to define the acceptable lower-bounds of implementation, along with the actual level of implementation achieved. It is the purpose of this document to define the notation used for these purposes.
For the purpose of exposition, the original Internet-standard Network Management Framework, as described in RFCs 1155, 1157, and 1212, is termed the SNMP version 1 framework (SNMPv1). The current framework is termed the SNMP version 2 framework (SNMPv2).
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 2]
SNMPv2-CONF DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN
-- definitions for conformance groups
OBJECT-GROUP MACRO ::=
BEGIN
TYPE NOTATION ::=
ObjectsPart
"STATUS" Status
"DESCRIPTION" Text
ReferPart
VALUE NOTATION ::=
value(VALUE OBJECT IDENTIFIER)
ObjectsPart ::=
"OBJECTS" "{" Objects "}"
Objects ::=
Object
| Objects "," Object
Object ::=
value(Name ObjectName)
Status ::=
"current"
| "obsolete"
ReferPart ::=
"REFERENCE" Text
| empty
-- uses the NVT ASCII character set
Text ::= """" string """"
END
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 3]
-- definitions for compliance statements
MODULE-COMPLIANCE MACRO ::=
BEGIN
TYPE NOTATION ::=
"STATUS" Status
"DESCRIPTION" Text
ReferPart
ModulePart
VALUE NOTATION ::=
value(VALUE OBJECT IDENTIFIER)
Status ::=
"current"
| "obsolete"
ReferPart ::=
"REFERENCE" Text
| empty
ModulePart ::=
Modules
| empty
Modules ::=
Module
| Modules Module
Module ::=
-- name of module --
"MODULE" ModuleName
MandatoryPart
CompliancePart
ModuleName ::=
modulereference ModuleIdentifier
-- must not be empty unless contained
-- in MIB Module
| empty
ModuleIdentifier ::=
value(ModuleID OBJECT IDENTIFIER)
| empty
MandatoryPart ::=
"MANDATORY-GROUPS" "{" Groups "}"
| empty
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 4]
Groups ::=
Group
| Groups "," Group
Group ::=
value(Group OBJECT IDENTIFIER)
CompliancePart ::=
Compliances
| empty
Compliances ::=
Compliance
| Compliances Compliance
Compliance ::=
ComplianceGroup
| Object
ComplianceGroup ::=
"GROUP" value(Name OBJECT IDENTIFIER)
"DESCRIPTION" Text
Object ::=
"OBJECT" value(Name ObjectName)
SyntaxPart
WriteSyntaxPart
AccessPart
"DESCRIPTION" Text
-- must be a refinement for object's SYNTAX clause
SyntaxPart ::=
"SYNTAX" type(SYNTAX)
| empty
-- must be a refinement for object's SYNTAX clause
WriteSyntaxPart ::=
"WRITE-SYNTAX" type(WriteSYNTAX)
| empty
AccessPart ::=
"MIN-ACCESS" Access
| empty
Access ::=
"not-accessible"
| "read-only"
| "read-write"
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 5]
| "read-create"
-- uses the NVT ASCII character set
Text ::= """" string """"
END
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 6]
-- definitions for capabilities statements
AGENT-CAPABILITIES MACRO ::=
BEGIN
TYPE NOTATION ::=
"PRODUCT-RELEASE" Text
"STATUS" Status
"DESCRIPTION" Text
ReferPart
ModulePart
VALUE NOTATION ::=
-- agent's sysObjectID [3] or snmpORID [4]
value(VALUE OBJECT IDENTIFIER)
Status ::=
"current"
| "obsolete"
ReferPart ::=
"REFERENCE" Text
| empty
ModulePart ::=
Modules
| empty
Modules ::=
Module
| Modules Module
Module ::=
-- name of module --
"SUPPORTS" ModuleName
"INCLUDES" "{" Groups "}"
VariationPart
ModuleName ::=
identifier ModuleIdentifier
ModuleIdentifier ::=
value(ModuleID OBJECT IDENTIFIER)
| empty
Groups ::=
Group
| Groups "," Group
Group ::=
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 7]
VariationPart ::=
Variations
| empty
Variations ::=
Variation
| Variations Variation
Variation ::=
"VARIATION" value(Name ObjectName)
SyntaxPart
WriteSyntaxPart
AccessPart
CreationPart
DefValPart
"DESCRIPTION" Text
-- must be a refinement for object's SYNTAX clause
SyntaxPart ::=
"SYNTAX" type(SYNTAX)
| empty
-- must be a refinement for object's SYNTAX clause
WriteSyntaxPart ::=
"WRITE-SYNTAX" type(WriteSYNTAX)
| empty
AccessPart ::=
"ACCESS" Access
| empty
Access ::=
"not-implemented"
| "read-only"
| "read-write"
| "read-create"
-- following is for backward-compatibility only
| "write-only"
CreationPart ::=
"CREATION-REQUIRES" "{" Cells "}"
| empty
Cells ::=
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 8]
| Cells "," Cell
Cell ::=
value(Cell ObjectName)
DefValPart ::=
"DEFVAL" "{" value(Defval ObjectSyntax) "}"
| empty
-- uses the NVT ASCII character set
Text ::= """" string """"
END
END
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 9]
For conformance purposes, it is useful to define a collection of related managed objects. The OBJECT-GROUP macro is used to define each such collection of related objects. It should be noted that the expansion of the OBJECT-GROUP macro is something which conceptually happens during implementation and not during run-time.
To "implement" an object, a SNMPv2 entity acting in an agent role must return a reasonably accurate value for management protocol retrieval operations; similarly, if the object is writable, then in response to a management protocol set operation, a SNMPv2 entity must accordingly be able to reasonably influence the underlying managed entity. If a SNMPv2 entity acting in an agent role can not implement an object, the management protocol provides for the SNMPv2 entity to return an exception or error, e.g, noSuchObject [6]. Under no circumstances shall a SNMPv2 entity return a value for objects which it does not implement -- it must always return the appropriate exception or error, as described in the protocol specification [6].
The OBJECTS clause which must be present, is used to name each object contained in the conformance group. Each of the named objects must be defined in the same information module as the OBJECT-GROUP macro appears, and must have a MAX-ACCESS clause value of "read-only", "read-write", or "read-create".
The STATUS clause, which must be present, indicates whether this definition is current or historic.
The values "current", and "obsolete" are self-explanatory.
The DESCRIPTION clause, which must be present, contains a textual definition of that group, along with a description of
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 10]
The REFERENCE clause, which need not be present, contains a textual cross-reference to a group defined in some other information module. This is useful when de-osifying a MIB module produced by some other organization.
The value of an invocation of the OBJECT-GROUP macro is the name of the group, which is an OBJECT IDENTIFIER, an administratively assigned name.
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 11]
Consider how the system group from MIB-II [3] might be described:
systemGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS { sysDescr, sysObjectID, sysUpTime,
sysContact, sysName, sysLocation,
sysServices }
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The system group defines objects which are common
to all managed systems."
::= { mibIIGroups 1 }
According to this invocation, the conformance group named
{ mibIIGroups 1 }
contains 7 objects.
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 12]
The MODULE-COMPLIANCE macro is used to convey a minimum set of requirements with respect to implementation of one or more MIB modules. It should be noted that the expansion of the MODULE-COMPLIANCE macro is something which conceptually happens during implementation and not during run-time.
A requirement on all "standard" MIB modules is that a corresponding MODULE-COMPLIANCE specification is also defined, either in the same information module or in a companion information module.
The STATUS clause, which must be present, indicates whether this definition is current or historic.
The values "current", and "obsolete" are self-explanatory. The "deprecated" value indicates that that object is obsolete, but that an implementor may wish to support that object to foster interoperability with older implementations.
The DESCRIPTION clause, which must be present, contains a textual definition of this compliance statement and should embody any information which would otherwise be communicated in any ASN.1 commentary annotations associated with the statement.
The REFERENCE clause, which need not be present, contains a textual cross-reference to a compliance statement defined in some other information module.
The MODULE clause, which must be present, is repeatedly used to name each MIB module for which compliance requirements are
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 13]
The MANDATORY-GROUPS clause, which need not be present, names the one or more groups within the correspondent MIB module which are unconditionally mandatory for implementation. If a SNMPv2 entity acting in an agent role claims compliance to the MIB module, then it must implement each and every object within each conformance group listed. That is, if a SNMPv2 entity returns a noSuchObject exception in response to a management protocol get operation [5] for any object within any mandatory conformance group for every MIB view, then that SNMPv2 entity is not a conformant implementation of the MIB module.
The GROUP clause which need not be present, is repeatedly used to name each MIB group which is conditionally mandatory or unconditionally optional for compliance to the MIB module. A MIB group named in a GROUP clause must be absent from the correspondent MANDATORY-GROUPS clause.
Conditionally mandatory groups include those which are mandatory only if a particular protocol is implemented, or only if another group is implemented. A GROUP clause's DESCRIPTION specifies the conditions under which the group is conditionally mandatory.
A MIB group which is named in neither a MANDATORY-GROUPS clause nor a GROUP clause, is unconditionally optional for compliance to the MIB module.
The OBJECT clause which need not be present, is repeatedly used to name each MIB object for which compliance has a
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 14]
The SYNTAX clause, which need not be present, is used to
provide a refined SYNTAX for the object named in the
correspondent OBJECT clause. Note that if this clause and a
WRITE-SYNTAX clause are both present, then this clause only
applies when instances of the object named in the
correspondent OBJECT clause are read.
Consult Section 10 of [2] for more information on refined syntax.
The WRITE-SYNTAX clause, which need not be present, is used to provide a refined SYNTAX for the object named in the correspondent OBJECT clause when instances of that object are written.
Consult Section 10 of [2] for more information on refined syntax.
The MIN-ACCESS clause, which need not be present, is used to define the minimal level of access for the object named in the correspondent OBJECT clause. If this clause is absent, the minimal level of access is the same as the maximal level specified in the correspondent invocation of the OBJECT-TYPE macro. If present, this clause must not specify a greater level of access than is specified in the correspondent invocation of the OBJECT-TYPE macro.
The level of access for certain types of objects is fixed according to their syntax definition. These types are: conceptual tables and rows, auxiliary objects, and objects with the syntax of Counter32, Counter64, or certain types of
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 15]
An implementation is compliant if the level of access it provides is greater or equal to the minimal level in the MODULE-COMPLIANCE macro and less or equal to the maximal level in the OBJECT-TYPE macro.
The DESCRIPTION clause must be present for each use of the GROUP or OBJECT clause. For an OBJECT clause, it contains a textual description of the refined compliance requirement. For a GROUP clause, it contains a textual description of the conditions under which the group is conditionally mandatory or unconditionally optional.
The value of an invocation of the MODULE-COMPLIANCE macro is
an OBJECT IDENTIFIER. As such, this value may be
authoritatively used when referring to the compliance
statement embodied by that invocation of the macro.
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 16]
Consider how a compliance statement might be included at the end of the MIB-II document [3], assuming that conformance groups were defined therein:
mibIICompliances
OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { mibIIConformance 1 }
mibIIGroups OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { mibIIConformance 2 }
mibIICompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The compliance statement for SNMPv2 entities
residing on systems which implement the Internet
suite of protocols."
MODULE -- compliance to the containing MIB module
MANDATORY-GROUPS { systemGroup, snmpGroup }
GROUP interfacesGroup
DESCRIPTION
"The interfaces group is mandatory for systems
with network interfaces."
GROUP ipGroup
DESCRIPTION
"The ip group is mandatory for systems which
implement IP."
GROUP icmpGroup
DESCRIPTION
"The icmp group is mandatory for systems which
implement ICMP."
GROUP tcpGroup
DESCRIPTION
"The tcp group is mandatory for systems which
implement TCP."
OBJECT tcpConnState
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION
"A compliant system need not allow
write-access to this object."
GROUP udpGroup
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 17]
GROUP egpGroup
DESCRIPTION
"The egp group is mandatory for systems which
implement EGP."
::= { mibIICompliances 1 }
According to this invocation, to claim alignment with the compliance statement named
{ mibIICompliances 1 }
a system must implement RFC1213's systemGroup and snmpGroup conformance groups. If the system implements any network interfaces, then RFC1213's interfacesGroup conformance group must be implemented. Further, if the system implements any of the IP, ICMP, TCP, UDP, or EGP protocols, then the correspondent conformance group in RFC1213 must be implemented, if compliance is to be claimed. Finally, although RFC1213 specifies that it makes "protocol sense" for the tcpConnState object to be writable, this specification allows the system to permit only read-only access and still claim compliance.
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 18]
The AGENT-CAPABILITIES macro is used to convey the capabilities present in a SNMPv2 entity acting in an agent role. It should be noted that the expansion of the AGENT- CAPABILITIES macro is something which conceptually happens during implementation and not during run-time.
When a MIB module is written, it is divided into units of conformance termed groups. If a SNMPv2 entity acting in an agent role claims to implement a group, then it must implement each and every object within that group. Of course, for whatever reason, a SNMPv2 entity might implement only a subset of the groups within a MIB module. In addition, the definition of some MIB objects leave some aspects of the definition to the discretion of an implementor.
Practical experience has demonstrated a need for concisely describing the capabilities of an agent with respect to one or more MIB modules. The AGENT-CAPABILITIES macro allows an agent implementor to describe the precise level of support which an agent claims in regards to a MIB group, and to bind that description to the value of sysObjectID [3] associated with the agent, or to the value of an instance of the snmpORID object in the snmpORTable [4]. In particular, some objects may have restricted or augmented syntax or access-levels.
If the AGENT-CAPABILITIES invocation is given to a management-station implementor, then that implementor can build management applications which optimize themselves when communicating with a particular agent. For example, the management-station can maintain a database of these invocations. When a management-station interacts with an agent, it retrieves the agent's sysObjectID [3]. Based on this, it consults the database. If an entry is found, then the management application can optimize its behavior accordingly.
Note that this binding to sysObjectID may not always suffice to define all MIB objects to which an agent can provide access. In particular, this situation occurs where the agent dynamically learns of the objects it supports. In these cases, the snmpORID column of snmpORTable [4] contains information which should be used in addition to sysObjectID.
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 19]
The PRODUCT-RELEASE clause, which must be present, contains a textual description of the product release which includes this agent.
The STATUS clause, which must be present, indicates whether this definition is current or historic.
The values "current", and "obsolete" are self-explanatory. The "deprecated" value indicates that that object is obsolete, but that an implementor may wish to support that object to foster interoperability with older implementations.
The DESCRIPTION clause, which must be present, contains a textual description of this agent.
The REFERENCE clause, which need not be present, contains a textual cross-reference to a capability statement defined in some other information module.
The SUPPORTS clause, which need not be present, is repeatedly used to name each MIB module for which the agent claims a complete or partial implementation. Each MIB module is named by its module name, and optionally, by its associated OBJECT IDENTIFIER as well.
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 20]
The INCLUDES clause, which must be present for each use of the SUPPORTS clause, is used to name each MIB group associated with the SUPPORT clause, which the agent claims to implement.
The VARIATION clause, which need not be present, is repeatedly used to name each MIB object which the agent implements in some variant or refined fashion with respect to the correspondent invocation of the OBJECT-TYPE macro.
Note that the variation concept is meant for generic implementation restrictions, e.g., if the variation for an object depends on the values of other objects, then this should be noted in the appropriate DESCRIPTION clause.
The SYNTAX clause, which need not be present, is used to
provide a refined SYNTAX for the object named in the
correspondent VARIATION clause. Note that if this clause and
a WRITE-SYNTAX clause are both present, then this clause only
applies when instances of the object named in the
correspondent VARIATION clause are read.
Consult Section 10 of [2] for more information on refined syntax.
The WRITE-SYNTAX clause, which need not be present, is used to provide a refined SYNTAX for the object named in the correspondent VARIATION clause when instances of that object are written.
Consult Section 10 of [2] for more information on refined syntax.
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 21]
The ACCESS clause, which need not be present, is used to indicate the agent provides less than the maximal level of access to the object named in the correspondent VARIATION clause.
The value "not-implemented" indicates the agent does not implement the object, and in the ordering of possible values is equivalent to "not-accessible".
The value "write-only" is provided solely for backward compatibility, and shall not be used for newly-defined object types. In the ordering of possible values, "write-only" is less than "not-accessible".
The CREATION-REQUIRES clause, which need not be present, is used to name the columnar objects of a conceptual row to which values must be explicitly assigned, by a management protocol set operation, before the agent will allow the instance of the status column of that row to be set to `active'. (Consult the definition of RowStatus [6].)
If the conceptual row does not have a status column (i.e., the objects corresponding to the conceptual table were defined using the mechanisms in [7,8]), then the CREATION-REQUIRES clause, which need not be present, is used to name the columnar objects of a conceptual row to which values must be explicitly assigned, by a management protocol set operation, before the agent will create new instances of objects in that row.
This clause must not present unless the object named in the correspondent VARIATION clause is a conceptual row, i.e., has a syntax which resolves to a SEQUENCE containing columnar objects. The objects named in the value of this clause usually will refer to columnar objects in that row. However, objects unrelated to the conceptual row may also be specified.
All objects which are named in the CREATION-REQUIRES clause for a conceptual row, and which are columnar objects of that row, must have an access level of "read-create".
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 22]
The DEFVAL clause, which need not be present, is used to provide a refined DEFVAL value for the object named in the correspondent VARIATION clause. The semantics of this value are identical to those of the OBJECT-TYPE macro's DEFVAL clause.
The DESCRIPTION clause, which must be present for each use of the VARIATION clause, contains a textual description of the variant or refined implementation.
The value of an invocation of the AGENT-CAPABILITIES macro is an OBJECT IDENTIFIER, which names the value of sysObjectID [3] or snmpORID [4] for which this capabilities statement is valid.
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 23]
Consider how a capabilities statement for an agent might be described:
exampleAgent AGENT-CAPABILITIES
PRODUCT-RELEASE "ACME Agent release 1.1 for 4BSD"
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION "ACME agent for 4BSD"
SUPPORTS RFC1213-MIB
INCLUDES { systemGroup, interfacesGroup,
atGroup, ipGroup, icmpGroup,
tcpGroup, udpGroup, snmpGroup }
VARIATION ifAdminStatus
SYNTAX INTEGER { up(1), down(2) }
DESCRIPTION "Unable to set test mode on 4BSD"
VARIATION ifOperStatus
SYNTAX INTEGER { up(1), down(2) }
DESCRIPTION "Information limited on 4BSD"
VARIATION atEntry
CREATION-REQUIRES { atPhysAddress }
DESCRIPTION "Address mappings on 4BSD require
both protocol and media addresses"
VARIATION ipDefaultTTL
SYNTAX INTEGER (255..255)
DESCRIPTION "Hard-wired on 4BSD"
VARIATION ipInAddrErrors
ACCESS not-implemented
DESCRIPTION "Information not available on 4BSD"
VARIATION ipRouteType
SYNTAX INTEGER { direct(3), indirect(4) }
WRITE-SYNTAX INTEGER { invalid(2), direct(3),
indirect(4) }
DESCRIPTION "Information limited on 4BSD"
VARIATION tcpConnState
ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION "Unable to set this on 4BSD"
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 24]
SUPPORTS EVAL-MIB
INCLUDES { functionsGroup, expressionsGroup }
VARIATION exprEntry
CREATION-REQUIRES { evalString }
DESCRIPTION "Conceptual row creation supported"
::= { acmeAgents 1 }
According to this invocation, an agent with a sysObjectID (or snmpORID) value of
{ acmeAgents 1 }
supports two MIB modules.
From MIB-II, all conformance groups except the egpGroup conformance group are supported. However, the object ipInAddrErrors is not implemented, whilst the objects
ifAdminStatus
ifOperStatus
ipDefaultTTL
ipRouteType
have a restricted syntax, and the object
tcpConnState
is available only for reading. Note that in the case of the object ipRouteType the set of values which may be read is different than the set of values which may be written. Finally, when creating a new instance in the atTable, the set-request must create an instance of atPhysAddress.
From the EVAL-MIB, all the objects contained in the functionsGroup and expressionsGroup conformance groups are supported, without variation. In addition, creation of new instances in the expr table is supported.
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 25]
As experience is gained with a published information module, it may be desirable to revise that information module.
Section 10 of [2] defines the rules for extending an information module. The remainder of this section defines how conformance groups, compliance statements, and capabilities statements may be extended.
If any non-editorial change is made to any clause of an object group then the OBJECT IDENTIFIER value associated with that object group must also be changed, along with its associated descriptor.
If any non-editorial change is made to any clause of a compliance definition, then the OBJECT IDENTIFIER value associated with that compliance definition must also be changed, along with its associated descriptor.
If any non-editorial change is made to any clause of a capabilities definition, then the OBJECT IDENTIFIER value associated with that capabilities definition must also be changed, along with its associated descriptor.
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 26]
The section on compliance statements is based, in part, on a conversation with James R. Davin in December, 1990.
The section on capabilities statements is based, in part, on RFC 1303.
Finally, the comments of the SNMP version 2 working group are gratefully acknowledged:
Beth Adams, Network Management Forum
Steve Alexander, INTERACTIVE Systems Corporation
David Arneson, Cabletron Systems
Toshiya Asaba
Fred Baker, ACC
Jim Barnes, Xylogics, Inc.
Brian Bataille
Andy Bierman, SynOptics Communications, Inc.
Uri Blumenthal, IBM Corporation
Fred Bohle, Interlink
Jack Brown
Theodore Brunner, Bellcore
Stephen F. Bush, GE Information Services
Jeffrey D. Case, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
John Chang, IBM Corporation
Szusin Chen, Sun Microsystems
Robert Ching
Chris Chiotasso, Ungermann-Bass
Bobby A. Clay, NASA/Boeing
John Cooke, Chipcom
Tracy Cox, Bellcore
Juan Cruz, Datability, Inc.
David Cullerot, Cabletron Systems
Cathy Cunningham, Microcom
James R. (Chuck) Davin, Bellcore
Michael Davis, Clearpoint
Mike Davison, FiberCom
Cynthia DellaTorre, MITRE
Taso N. Devetzis, Bellcore
Manual Diaz, DAVID Systems, Inc.
Jon Dreyer, Sun Microsystems
David Engel, Optical Data Systems
Mike Erlinger, Lexcel
Roger Fajman, NIH
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 27]
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 28]
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 29]
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 30]
[1] Information processing systems - Open Systems Interconnection - Specification of Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1), International Organization for Standardization. International Standard 8824, (December, 1987).
[2] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M., and Waldbusser, S., "Structure of Management Information for version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1442, SNMP Research, Inc., Hughes LAN Systems, Dover Beach Consulting, Inc., Carnegie Mellon University, April 1993.
[3] McCloghrie, K., and Rose, M., "Management Information Base for Network Management of TCP/IP-based internets: MIB-II", STD 17, RFC 1213, March 1991.
[4] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M., and Waldbusser, S., "Management Information Base for version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1450, SNMP Research, Inc., Hughes LAN Systems, Dover Beach Consulting, Inc., Carnegie Mellon University, April 1993.
[5] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M., and Waldbusser, S., "Protocol Operations for version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1448, SNMP Research, Inc., Hughes LAN Systems, Dover Beach Consulting, Inc., Carnegie Mellon University, April 1993.
[6] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M., and Waldbusser, S., "Textual Conventions for version 2 of the the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1443, SNMP Research, Inc., Hughes LAN Systems, Dover Beach Consulting, Inc., Carnegie Mellon University, April 1993.
[7] Rose, M., and McCloghrie, K., "Structure and
Identification of Management Information for TCP/IP-based
internets", STD 16, RFC 1155, May 1990.
[8] Rose, M., and McCloghrie, K., "Concise MIB Definitions", STD 16, RFC 1212, March 1991.
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 31]
Security issues are not discussed in this memo.
Jeffrey D. Case
SNMP Research, Inc.
3001 Kimberlin Heights Rd.
Knoxville, TN 37920-9716
US
Phone: +1 615 573 1434
Email: case@snmp.com
Keith McCloghrie
Hughes LAN Systems
1225 Charleston Road
Mountain View, CA 94043
US
Phone: +1 415 966 7934
Email: kzm@hls.com
Marshall T. Rose
Dover Beach Consulting, Inc.
420 Whisman Court
Mountain View, CA 94043-2186
US
Phone: +1 415 968 1052
Email: mrose@dbc.mtview.ca.us
Steven Waldbusser
Carnegie Mellon University
4910 Forbes Ave
Pittsburgh, PA 15213
US
Phone: +1 412 268 6628
Email: waldbusser@cmu.edu
Case, McCloghrie, Rose & Waldbusser [Page 32]